How to Get a DOT Number: Step-by-Step Guide

For anyone entering the commercial trucking or transportation industry, obtaining a DOT number is one of the very first legal requirements to address. Issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), this number allows the government to track safety, compliance, and operations for carriers involved in interstate commerce.

Whether you’re launching a new freight business or expanding an existing one, this step-by-step guide will walk you through how to apply for a DOT number and what to expect during the process.

 

What Is a DOT Number?

A DOT number is a unique identifier for companies that operate commercial vehicles. It is required for businesses that transport goods or passengers across state lines or that operate vehicles over a certain weight threshold—even within a single state, depending on local regulations.

It helps the FMCSA monitor a carrier’s safety records, including inspections, audits, crash reports, and compliance with federal safety rules. Without it, companies can face penalties or be barred from operating legally.

 

Step 1: Determine Whether You Need a DOT Number

Before applying, make sure your business meets the criteria for DOT registration. You are required to obtain a DOT number if your vehicle:

  • Weighs more than 10,000 pounds

  • Transports passengers for compensation (8 or more people)

  • Transports 15 or more passengers, not for compensation

  • Moves hazardous materials requiring placards

  • Operates in interstate commerce (across state or national borders)

Even if you only drive within one state, certain states still mandate DOT numbers for intrastate carriers. It’s worth checking with your state’s Department of Transportation for confirmation.

 

Step 2: Prepare the Required Information

To complete the DOT number application efficiently, gather all relevant details ahead of time. This will include:

  • Legal business name and DBA (if applicable)

  • Business type (LLC, sole proprietor, partnership, etc.)

  • Physical and mailing addresses

  • Contact information

  • Number and types of vehicles in operation

  • Number of drivers employed

  • Details about the cargo you’ll be transporting

  • States you intend to operate in

Being thorough and accurate during this phase reduces the likelihood of delays or rejections.

 

Step 3: Register Through the FMCSA’s URS Portal

All new applicants must use the Unified Registration System (URS) on the FMCSA’s website. The online portal walks you through each step of the application process.

During the application, you’ll be asked a series of questions to determine:

  • Whether you’re a private or for-hire carrier

  • If you need additional credentials like an MC number

  • What types of goods or passengers you’ll carry

  • Whether you’re subject to hazardous materials rules

The process typically takes 30 to 60 minutes to complete for most applicants.

 

Step 4: Submit Your Application and Receive Your DOT Number

After completing the URS form, you’ll receive your DOT number immediately. You’ll also get a confirmation email with your official registration documents.

There is no fee to obtain a DOT number, but you will be required to display it on both sides of every qualifying commercial vehicle before putting it into operation. The number must be clearly visible and legible from at least 50 feet away.

 

Step 5: Understand What Comes Next

Getting a DOT number is just the beginning. Once registered, you must follow FMCSA safety regulations and reporting requirements. That includes:

  • Keeping driver qualification files

  • Conducting regular vehicle inspections and maintenance

  • Following hours-of-service (HOS) rules for drivers

  • Participating in drug and alcohol testing (for CDL operators)

  • Filing updates through the Biennial MCS-150 Update every two years

If you’re a new entrant, expect a safety audit within the first 12 months. Passing this audit is essential to maintaining active status.

 

Common Mistakes to Avoid During Application

While the application process is fairly simple, many first-time carriers run into preventable errors. These include:

  • Listing an incorrect business structure

  • Failing to identify themselves as interstate carriers

  • Forgetting to update contact information later on

  • Not applying for an MC number when needed

Taking your time during the application—and reviewing every answer—helps ensure your DOT number gets issued correctly the first time.

 

Final Thoughts

Getting a DOT number is a fundamental step for any company that plans to operate commercial vehicles. It’s more than a registration—it’s your federal ID for compliance, safety tracking, and operational transparency.

The good news? The process is manageable and can be completed online with minimal friction. By understanding the requirements, gathering the right information, and submitting your application through the FMCSA’s URS system, you can get your DOT number in just a few simple steps—and start your business off on the right foot.