Volume LTL vs LTL: Key Differences Explained

In freight shipping, not every load fits neatly into a predefined category. Businesses often ship too much for parcel delivery but not enough to justify a full truck. That’s where Less Than Truckload (LTL) and Volume LTL come into play. While the two services may sound similar, there are distinct differences that can impact cost, transit time, and handling.

This article breaks down what sets Volume LTL apart from standard LTL—and how to know which one fits your shipping needs best.

What Is Standard LTL?

Standard LTL (Less Than Truckload) refers to shipments that take up a portion of trailer space and are moved alongside freight from other businesses. Shippers pay only for the space they use, not the entire trailer.

These shipments usually:

  • Weigh between 150 and 5,000 pounds

  • Occupy fewer than 6 pallets

  • Are handled multiple times en route

LTL carriers use hub-and-spoke networks, transferring freight through terminals as it’s sorted and routed to its destination. This structure is ideal for small-to-mid-size shipments that don’t require fast delivery or extensive trailer space.

What Is Volume LTL?

Volume LTL is a hybrid between standard LTL and full truckload (FTL). It’s designed for shipments that exceed the size or weight limits of standard LTL but don’t require exclusive use of a truck.

Qualifying volume LTL freight typically:

  • Weighs over 5,000 pounds

  • Uses more than 6 pallets

  • Occupies over 12 linear feet of trailer space

Instead of using standard LTL pricing, Volume LTL is spot-quoted based on dimensions, destination, and available capacity. The freight usually stays on the same trailer longer, with fewer transfer points, making it less prone to damage.

Key Differences Between Volume LTL and Standard LTL

Though both models serve partial-load shipments, the service experience can vary significantly.

1. Shipment Size and Weight

The most obvious difference is scale. Standard LTL works best for smaller, lighter freight. Volume LTL is designed for bulkier loads that push past the limits of typical LTL classifications.

As soon as a shipment takes up too much space or hits a certain weight threshold, LTL rates often spike—making volume pricing the smarter option.

2. Pricing Structure

LTL pricing is class-based and tariff-driven. Volume LTL, on the other hand, bypasses the traditional freight class system. It’s typically quoted on a per-load basis, using real-time factors like mileage, linear feet, and available trailer space.

This dynamic model allows for more competitive rates when capacity is available but may fluctuate based on demand.

3. Transit and Handling

Because LTL freight passes through multiple terminals, it’s touched and transferred more often—adding risk for damage and delay.

Volume LTL shipments tend to stay on fewer trucks, often riding from origin to destination with minimal transfers. This results in smoother transit and lower handling risk, even if overall timelines are similar.

4. Flexibility and Service Options

Standard LTL carriers operate on fixed schedules and offer a wide array of accessorial services—like liftgates, inside delivery, and residential drop-offs.

Volume LTL is more limited in scope but flexible in capacity, making it a better fit for businesses that prioritize cost over convenience or added services.

When to Use Each Option

Choose standard LTL if:

  • You’re shipping smaller loads frequently

  • You need flexible pickup or delivery services

  • Your freight is durable and well-packaged

Choose Volume LTL if:

  • Your shipment size approaches truckload volume

  • You want fewer touchpoints during transit

  • You’re open to spot pricing for cost savings

Knowing when to shift from one method to the other can prevent overpaying or under-utilizing space—and can keep your freight moving more efficiently.

Final Thoughts

Both standard LTL and Volume LTL serve a purpose in the freight world, but understanding their differences helps you match your shipment with the right solution. Volume LTL offers a smart alternative when loads become too large for traditional LTL pricing, while still avoiding the commitment of full truckload service.

Making the right call between these two methods can reduce cost, improve delivery timelines, and minimize freight handling—all without overcomplicating your shipping process.